TERMINOLOGIES

                                                         TERMINOLOGIES

Dam/Cow – a mature female cattle that has delivered a calf.

Bull – a male uncastrated cattle

Calf – a young male or female cattle

Bull Calf – a male calf

Heifer – a female cattle that has not yet delivered a calf

Weanling – a calf of 5-6 months old

Yearling – a cattle of 12 months old

Breedable heifer – ready to breed female cow about 17 months old

Junior Bull – a male uncastrated bull about 2-3 years old

Senior Bull – a male uncastrated bull about 4 years old and above

Castration – the removal of testicles of the male cattle to render it sterile

Still Birth – Delivery of a dead calf at the right pregnancy period

Retained Placenta – when the placenta of a dam doesn’t come out within 3 hours after calving

Calving – giving birth of a calf

Lactation period – the period when cows produces milk

Dry period – the period when cow is not producing milk

Palpation – the manual process of pregnancy diagnosis

Bull Breeding – natural mating of the animals

Artificial Insemination (AI) – Artificial method of impregnating the animals using preserved semen

Embryo Transfer – the process of transferring a live embryo to an in-heat cow

Cattle Shed – a building where the cattle are kept

Pasture – vast land with improved grasses used for feeding the cattle

Paddocks – small fenced area planted with improved grasses used for grazing animals

Grazing – a method of feeding the cattle in a large fenced area

Loafing Area – an enclosed area where the cattle are assembled before and after milking

Working Corral/Chute – a secured area where the animals are restrained for check up, medication, A.I. etc.

Loading Ramp – a ramp located near a chute used to load and unload cattle in trucks

Milking Parlor – a facility where lactating cows are placed to gather milk

Milking Machine – a machine used to extract milk from the cow

Silo – an anaerobic structure used to preserved silage

Silage – a partially fermented feeds for the cattle

Feeding Trough – where we place the feeds for feeding the cattle

Water Trough – where we place the drinking water for the cattle

Lagoon – an area where the manure and other waste of the farm are placed

Green roughage – fresh grasses and legumes

Dry roughage – Hay, cereal straw, corn Stover which are dried

Concentrates – a mixture of grains and other ingredients to supply the energy, protein and other nutrients that needed in animal body

Silage – fermented forage crops, legumes and grasses stored in an aerobic structure called silo

Hay – Any grasses and legumes which are harvested and dried